GENERAL
Native American Bibliography
Material which covers more than one aspect of Native American life, gives an overview of some area of interest, or provides the background for some of the more detailed and specialized works in other parts of the bibliography are listed here.
Books
Anderson, David D. Editor. Michigan: A State Anthology: Writings about the Great Lakes State, 1641-1981, Selected from Diaries, Journals, Histories, Fiction and Verse. Detroit, MI: Gale Research, 1983.
Seven selections from the period of discovery to statehood.
Anderson, James W. and Ivah A. Smith. Editors. Ethnic Groups in Michigan. Detroit, MI: Michigan Council for the Arts, 1983.
Native Americans are included.
Askin, John. The John Askin Papers. Edited by Milo M. Quaife. Detroit, MI: Detroit Library Commission, 1928-1931. 2 volumes.
John Askin's activities over a period of half a century in the northwest illustrate practically every aspect of his time in the region of the upper Lakes.
Atlas of Great Lakes Indian History. Edited by Helen Tanner et.al. Cartography by Miklos Pinther. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1987.
33 maps graphically display the movement of Indian communities from 1640 to about 1871, when treaty making between Indian tribes and the United States government came to an end.
Baker, Brian Alan. A Nation in Two States: The Annishnabeg in the United States and Canada, 1837-1991. Dissertation. Stanford University, 1996.
Baker argues that dissimilarities in the reorganization of Annishnabeg identity are rooted in differences in the institutional regimes between these two countries.
Baraga, Frederic. Abrege de l'Histoire des Indians de l'Amerique Septenrionale. Paris: A La Societe des Bon Livres, 1837.
Beld, F. Clever. Michigan in Four Centuries. NY: Harper and Brothers, 1954.
Includes Indians in general. Also includes Pontiac and Tecumseh.
Blackbird, Andrew J. Complete Both Early and Late History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan, A Grammar of Their Language, Personal and Family History of the Author. Harbor Springs, MI: Babcock and Darling, 1897.
Blackbird's purpose is to perpetuate the history of his people.
Blackbird, Andrew J. History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan; A Grammar of Their Language, and Personal and Family History of the Author. Ypsilanti, MI: Ypsilanti Job Printing House, 1887.
Blackbird recorded the earliest history of the Ottawa tribe of Indians, according to their traditions.
Blackbird, Andrew J. The Indian Problem, From the Indian's Standpoint. n.p., 1900.
Blackbird believed better education was needed.
Blair, Emma Helen. Editor. The Indian Tribes of the Upper Mississippi Valley and Region of the Great Lakes as Described by Nicolas Perrot, French Commant in the Northwest; Bacqueville de la Potherie, French Royal Commissioner to Canada; Morrell Marsten, American Army Officer; and Thomas Forsyth, United States Agent at Fort Armstrong. Cleveland, OH: Arthur H. Clark, 1911-1912. 2 volumes.
Presents old French and American memoirs by writers who, having spent many years among the Indians, were most competent and reliable as authority on aboriginal life.
Blanchard, Rufus. The Discovery and Conquests of the Northwest Including the Early History of Chicago, Detroit, Vicennes, St. Louis, Fort Wayne, Prairie du Chien, Marietta, Cincinnati, Cleveland etc. Chicago, IL: Cushing, Thomas, 1880.
Includes Native American material
Bremer, Richard G. Indian Agent and Wilderness Scholar: The Life of Henry Rowe Schoolcraft. Mt. Pleasant, MI: Clarke Historical Library, 1987.
Focuses on Schoolcraft's career with the Office of Indian Affairs and his work as an ethnologist.
Brown, Alan S., John T. Houder and John H. Yzenboard. Michigan Perspectives: People, Events, and Issues. Dubuque, IA: Kendale/Hunt, 1974.
Contains: "The Image of the Indian in Pre-Civil War America." By Francis Paul Prucha.
Brown, Charles A. "The Impact of the European Presence on Indian Culture." In Contest for Empire 1500-1775. Proceedings of an Indiana Revolution Becentennial Symposium edited by John B. Elliott. Indianapolis, IN: Indiana Historical Society, 1975.
Brown, Charles. The Old Northwest Territory: Its Missions, Forts and Trading Posts. Kalamazoo, MI: Brown, Moore and Quale, 1875.
Lists the missions, forts and trading posts with locations and maps.
Buley, R. Carlyle. The Old Northwest: Pioneer Period 1815-1940. Indianapolis, IN: Indiana Historical Society, 1950. 2 volumes.
Includes Indians.
Burnet, Jacob. Notes on the Early Settlement of the North-Western Territory. Cincinnati: OH: Derby, Bradley, 1847.
Northwest Territory from 1795, with much about the Indians.
Burr, C. B. Editor. Medical History of Michigan. Minneapolis, MN: Bruce, 1930. 2 volumes.
Includes a chapter, "The American Indian: His Mentality, Manners, Morals and Medicine," by C.B. Burr.
Bursey, M. T. Compiler. Aube Na Bing; Pictorial History of Michigan Indians. Grand Rapids, MI: Michigan Indian Press, 1988.
Photographs of Indians, including contemporary ones.
Cadillac, Antoine de la Mothe. The Western Country in the 17 th Century: The Memoirs of Lamothe Cadillac and Pierre Liettle. Edited by Milo Milton Quaife. Chicago, IL: Lakeside Press, 1947.
The Memoir by Cadillac was designed as a comprehensive picture of the life of the tribes of the Great Lakes region. The narrative by Liettle is devoted to a detailed and specific description of the Illinois Indians.
Caitlin, George. Adventures of the Ojiibbeway and Ioway Indians in England, France and Belgium: Being Notes of his Eight Years Travels and Residence in Europe with his North American Indian Collection. London: The Author, 1852.
"In their visits to the capitals and provincial towns of England, Scotland, Ireland, France, and Belgium I was at their side, their interpreter."
Canton, John Dean. The Last of the Illinois and a Sketch of the Pottawatomies. Chicago, IL: Fergus, 1876.
A speech read before the Chicago Historical Society in 1870.
Cantor, George. Old Roads of the Midwest. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1997.
Before the super highways, most roadways were trails used by Native Americans, pioneers and farmers. This is a history of modern roads.
Catton, Bruce. Michigan: A History. NY: W.W. Norton, 1976.
Includes Indians.
Chippewa and Dakota Indians: A Subject Catalog of Books, Pamphlets, Periodical Articles, and Manuscripts in the Minnesota Historical Society. St. Paul, MN: Minnesota Historical Society, 1969.
Reproduces the card catalog subject entries of the Minnesota Historical Society.
Clark, Dan Elbert. The West in American History. NY: Thomas Y Crowell, 1937.
A college textbook with chapters on the Middle West and Native Americans.
Clarke, Peter Dooyentate. Origin and Traditional History of the Wyandots, and Sketches of Other Indian Tribes of North America, True Traditional Stories of Tecumseh and His League in the Years 1811 and 1812. Toronto: Hunter, Rose, 1870.
"The lapse of ages rendered it difficult to trace the origin of the Wyandots…My sketch reaches back about three centuries and a half and commences from what is now Montreal…It was in the year 1701 that the first colony of Europeans pitched their tents on the bank of Detroit River, where the city of Detroit now stands, and they were the first French colony the Wyandots ever met with in this part of the country."
Claspy, Everett. The Potawatomi Indians of Southwestern Michigan. Dowagiac, MI: 1966.
History of the Potawatomi from the French-British period to the present.
Cleland, Charles E. Rites of Conquest: The History and Culture of Michigan's Native Americans. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1992.
Cleland takes a multiethnic and regional approach which focuses on Michigan's Native Americans.
Clifton, James, George L. Cornell, and James McClurken. People of the Three Fires: The Ottawa, Potawatomie and Ojibway of Michigan. Grand Rapids, MI: West Michigan Printing, 1986.
A history of the three major tribes of Michigan by three experts.
Colden, Cadwellader. The History of the Five Indian Nations of Canada, Which are Dependent on the Province of New York in America and are the Barrier Between the English and French in that Part of the World. London: Lockyear Davis, 1755.
Includes Great Lakes area.
Cooley, Thomas McIntyre. Michigan: A History of Governments. Boston, MA: Houghton-Mifflin, 1885.
Includes Indians and Pontiac's Rebellion.
Copway, George. Kah-Ge-Ga-Gah-Bowh. Indian Life and Indian History by an Indian Author, Embracing the Traditions of the North American Indians Regarding Themselves, Particularly of that Most Important of all Tribes, the Ojibways. Boston, MA: A. Colby, 1858.
"As the first volume of Indian history written by an Indian, with the hope that it may in some degree benefit his nation, and be the means of awakening an interest for the red-men of America in those whose homes and where they once lived and loved, this work is sent forth tremblingly, yet with hope by its Author."
Corey, Albert B. Canadian-American Relations Along the Detroit River. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press, 1957.
The Cass Lecture at the Detroit Historical Society.
Cornell, George. "Unconquered Nations: The Native Peoples of Michigan." In Michigan: Visions of Our Past edited by Richard J. Hathaway. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Press, 1989.
Danziger, Edmund J. The Chippewas of Lake Superior. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1978.
An overview of the Chippewa experience in the Lake Superior region.
Davis, Charles M. Editor. Readings in the Geography of Michigan. Ann Arbor, MI: Ann Arbor Publishers, 1964.
Includes: "Archeology and Indians" by W.P.A. Writers' Program; and " Indian Place Names in Michigan" by Ivan H. Walton.
DeLoria, Vine Jr. Custer Died For Your Sins: An Indian Manifesto. London: Macmillan, 1969.
"A totally unique and ironic tour de force – a shocking story of human waste, twisted legend, and broken promises that have left the Indian the most maligned and least understood citizen in America." Includes Chippewa and Potawatomi Indians.
Derr, Bernard James. A History of the Chippewa Nation to 1856. Thesis, University of Wisconsin, 1940.
1 reel of microfilm.
Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1966-1998.
14 volumes.
For a Canadian view of the shared history of the area this is a wonderful resource.
There are extended biographical entries for Native Americans.
Drake, Samuel G. The Aboriginal Races of North America. NY: Hurst, 1880.
Drake, Samuel G. Biography and History of the Indians of North America From its First Discovery. Boston, MA: Benjamin B. Mussey, 1851.
Includes: "Biography and History of the Iroquois or Five Nations, and Other Neighboring Tribes of the West."
Drake, Samuel G. The Book of the Indians of North America; Comprising Details in the Lives of About Five Hundred Chiefs and Others, the Most Distinguished Among Them. Also, A History of Their Wars; Their Manners and Customs; Speeches of Orators, Etc, From Their First Being Known to Europeans to the Present Time. Boston, MA: Josiah Drake, 1833.
Includes speeches by Pontiac, Captain Pipe, and Tecumseh.
Driver, Harold E. Indians of North America. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1969.
Description of the enormous variation of culture patterns among Native Americans. Not tribe specific.
Dunbar, Willis. Michigan Historical Markers. Lansing, MI: Michigan Historical Commission, 1967.
Includes some Native American sites. Notes text of markers and their location.
Dunbar, Willis. Michigan: A History of the Wolverine State. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1965.
The history is presented by century. Early Native Americans are included.
Dunbar, Willis. Michigan Through the Centuries. NY: Lewis Historical Pub. Co., 1955. 4 volumes.
Includes Native Americans in Volume 1: The Seventeenth Century.
Eastman, Mary H. The American Indian Aboriginal Portfolio. Illustrated by Seth Eastman. Philadelpia, PA: Lippincott, Grambo, 1853.
Eastman, Mary H. The American Annual: Illustrative of the Early History of North America. Illustrated by Seth Eastman. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, n.d.
Includes: "Fort Mackinaw," "Michilimackinac," and "Combat Between the Ojibwas and the Sac and Foxes, on Lake Superior."
Eaton, Hamish Bach. "Patrick Sinclair: Builder of Mackinac and Founder of Lybster: An Account of His Life and Work. Unpublished.
Much about the Native Americans is included.
Eccles, W. J. The Canadian Frontier 1534-1760. NY: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1969.
Includes information about the Native Americans.
Eckert, Allan W. Gateway to Empire. Boston, MA: Little, Brown, 1983.
Recreates the relentless and tragic wresting of the North American contintent from the Indians from 1763 to 1816.
Edmunds, R. David. A History of the Potawatomi Indians, 1615-1795. Dissertation. University of Oklahoma, 1972.
Discusses the history of the Potawatomies from earliest French contacts to the Treaty of Greenville in 1795.
Edmunds, R. David. Kinsmen Through Time: An Annotated Bibliography of Potawatomie History. Methchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1987.
Potawatomi bibliography. Includes Michigan.
Edmunds, Russell D. The Potawatomis: Keepers of the Fire. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1978.
The Potawatomi Indians were the dominant tribe in the region of Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana and southern Michigan during the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries.
Ellis, George E. "The Red Indian of North America in Contact with the French and English." In Narrative and Critical History of America edited by Justin Winsor. Boston, MA: Houghton, Mifflin, 1889: Volume l: 283-328.
From earliest settlers to Pontiac.
Events in Indian History, Beginning with an Account of the Origin of the American Indians, and Early Settlements in North America, and Embracing Concise Biographies of the Principal Chiefs and Head-Sachems of the Different Indian Tribes, with Narrative and Captivities. Lancaster: G Hills, 1841.
Includes the Ottawas, Pontiac, the Siege of Detroit, the Grand Indian Council at Detroit, and Tecumseh.
Fasquelle, Ethel. When Michigan was Young; The Story of Its Beginnings, Early Legends and Folklore. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1950.
Recreates the life of the frontier as well as a good deal of Indian fact and legend.
Finlan, Bill. Michigan U.P. Indians: Before the Invasion, and After. Utica, MI: Bill Finlan, 1975.
"The Indian remains a commercial gimmick for many in the U.P., rather than a strong backbone in the foundation of the society in which we find ourselves, in a land which was theirs."
Flader, Susan L. Editor. The Great Lakes Forest: An Environmental and Social History. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 1983.
Includes three chapters on "The Indian Experience" by Charles Cleland, Duncan Harlin and Robert Deer.
Ford, Richard C. Red Man or White; A Story of Indian Life in the Northwest. Chicago, IL: Lyons and Carnahan, 1938.
A manuscript narrative of William Barton's early life among the Indians of Minnesota and Wisconsin which has been reworked by Ford.
Francis, George. Legends of the Land of Lakes. Lake Superior and Surroundings. Chicago, IL: G. F. Thomas, 1884.
Subtitle: History, tradition and mysteries, gleaned from years of experience among the pioneers, voyageurs and Indians.
Frazier, Patrick. Editor. Many Nations: A Library of Congress Resource Guide for the Study of Indian and Alaska Native Peoples of the United States. Washington, DC: Library of Congress, 1996.
An attempt to describe the Library of Congress collections related to Native American experience from earliest accounts to the present day.
Fuller, George Newman. Economic and Social Beginnings of Michigan. Lansing, MI: Wynkoop Hillenbeck Crawford, 1916.
A study of the settlement of the Lower Peninsula during the Territorial period, 1805-1837.
Fuller, George N. Editor. Historic Michigan: Land of the Great Lakes. National Historic Association, 1924. 3 volumes.
The papers contained in these volumes have been selected almost entirely from the publications of the Michigan Pioneer and Historical Society and the Michigan History Commission.
Fuller, George N. Michigan: A Centennial History of the State and Its People. Chicago, IL: Lewis, 1939. 3 volumes.
Includes a chapter on the Native Americans.
Gale, George. Upper Mississippi: or, Historical Sketches of the Mound-Builders, the Indian Tribes, and the Progress of Civilization in the North-West; From A.D. 1600 to the Present Time. Chicago, IL: Clarke, 1867.
Gale "has attempted to bring to light the extinct race of people called "The Mound Builders," locate the north-western Indian tribes, and their connections with the "French and Indian" wars of the colonies, and their wars against the United States, marking their emigrations, and detailing the efforts of the whites to Christianize and civilize them."
Gedicks, Al. The New Resource Wars: Native and Environmental Struggles Against Multinational Corporations. Boston, MA: South End Press, 1993.
In the north woods of Wisconsin, Kennecott Copper Corp is pressuring Native Americans for the right to construct an environmentally destructive open pit copper mine. Opposing the mine's construction is a coalition of Chippewa traditionalists and Wisconsin environmentalists.
Gilbert, Helen Frances. Tonquish Tales. Plymouth, MI: Pilgrim Heritage Press, 1984. 2 volumes.
Stories of early d'Etroit, pioneers and Michigan Indians.
Goodrich, Calvin. The First Michigan Frontier. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1940.
Book has to do with earlier years of the white man's occupation of Michigan. Goodrich discusses such topics as Indian ceremonies and canoe trips.
Great Lakes Indian Fishing and Wildlife Commission. Tribal Hatcheries of the Great Lakes Region. Odamah, WI: The Commission, 1993.
Map of fish hatcheries and information about each.
Greenman, Emerson F. The Indians of Michigan. Lansing, MI: Michigan Historical Commission, 1961.
Greenman deals with the Indians of Michigan from the period preceding the Historic era down to modern times.
Gringhuis, Dirk. Moccasin Tracks: A Saga of the Michigan Indian. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Museum, 1974.
Starts with the Paleo Indian and continues to the Historic period.
Guillet, Edwin C. Early Life in Upper Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1933.
Includes Native Americans and maple sugar making, fishing, trails and canoes.
Hale, Duane Kendall. Researching and Writing Tribal Histories. Grand Rapids, MI: Michigan Indian Press, 1991.
Because it seemed that many tribes would lose their language, history and culture when this generation disappeared, Dr. Hale developed a series of workshops to train Native American people to write their own histories.
Hall, James. Editor. The Western Souvenir: A Christmas and New Year's Gift for 1829. Cincinnati, OH: N. and G. Guilford, 1829.
Contains: "Speech of an Ottawa Chief near Detroit in 1788," and "Traditions of the Mammoth" which includes Indian lore about the mammoth.
Hallowell, A. Irving. "Ojibwa Personality and Acculturation." In Beyond the Frontier, Social Processes and Cultural Change edited by Paul Bohannan and Fred Plog. Garden City, NY: Natural History Press, 1967. 227-237.
The Ojibwa Indians, a food-gathering people originally and now living in communities scattered over a considerable geographical area, represent an ethnic group with a common cultural background but now exhibit varying levels of acculturation.
Harrison, William Henry. A Discourse on the Aborigines of the Ohio Valley in which the Opinions of Its Conquest in the Seventeenth Century by the Iroquois or Six Nations, are Examined and Contested. Chicago, IL: Fergus, 1883.
Speeches, manners, history and customs of the North West Indians.
Hart, Gerald E. The Fall of New France 1775-1760. Montreal: W. Drysdale, 1888.
A Canadian history of the events in the Great Lakes area.
Hart, John S. Editor. The Iris: An Illuminated Souvenir for 1852. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Grambo, 1852.
"Captain Eastman, of the U.S. Topographical Corps, having been stationed for nine years on our northwestern frontier, among the Indian tribes, at and around Fort Snellling, made a series of drawings of some of the most striking and remarkable objects connected with Indian traditions. His accomplished lady collected the traditions themselves, and wove them into tales and poems that let us into the very heart of Indian life. The whole of this valuable and original collection is in this volume."
Hatcher, Harlan. Lake Erie. Indianapolis, IN: Bobbs-Merrill, 1945.
The emphasis in the early part of this book is on the main stream of the history of the region, especially its exploration and early settlement.
Hathaway, E. J. The Story of the Hurons. Reprinted from Macleans's Magazine, August 1915 by the Ontario Historical Society, August, 1915.
History from the earliest records to their dispersion following war with the Iroquois.
Havighurst, Walter. Editor. The Great Lakes Reader. NY: Macmillan, 1966.
A collection of narratives from the Great Lakes area.
Havighurst, Walter. Land of Promise: The Story of the Northwest Territory. NY: Macmillan, 1946.
Includes Native Americans, Pontiac, and Tecumseh.
Hedrick, Ulysses P. The Land of the Crooked Tree. NY: Oxford University Press, 1948.
Activities of the early settlers on the northern tip of the lower peninsula in the 1870s and 1880s.
Highlights of Economic Impact of Michigan's Indian Gaming Enterprises. Lansing, MI: University Associates, 1994.
The purpose of this study was to gather information from the seven tribes who operate casinos about the local economic impact of their business.
Hinsdale, B.A. The Old Northwest With a View of the Thirteen Colonies as Constituted by Royal Charters. NY: Townsend MacCoun, 1888.
Includes Native Americans.
Hinsdale, Wilbert. Distribution of the Aboriginal Population of Michigan. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1932.
With reference to the forests, Great Lakes, and streams before and during the first white occupancy.
Hinsdale, W. B. Trade and Lines of Overland Travel of the Michigan Indians. Ann Arbor, MI: 1929.
Paper presented at the Geography Conference of the Michigan Schoolmasters' Club Meeting in April 1929. Indicates the line of human travel across certain parts of the country.
Historical and Scientific Sketches of Michigan. Comprising a Series of Discourses Delivered Before the Historical Society of Michigan, and Other Interesting Papers Relative to the Territory. Detroit, MI: Stephen Wells and George L. Whitney, 1834.
Papers by Cass, Schoolcraft, Whiting, and Biddle.
History of the Great Lakes. Chicago, IL: J. H. Beers, 1899. 2 volumes.
Includes material on the aborigines; the French, British and American struggles for the area, and the War of 1812.
Hodge, Frederick Webb. Handbook of North American Indians North of Mexico. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1907. 2 volumes.
The aim of this book is to give a brief description of every linguistic stock, confederacy, tribe, subtribe or tribal division, and settlement known to history or even to tradition, as well as the origin and derivation of every name treated.
Hubbard, Bela. Memorials of a Half-Century. NY: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1887.
Hubbard lived in Michigan for 50 years. He went on exploring trips in 1837 and 1840. He included chapters on: "Indians in Michigan," "Policy of the Government Towards the Indians," and "The Mound Builders in Michigan."
Hulst, Cornelia Steketee. Indian Sketches: Pere Marquette and the Last of the Pottawatomi Chiefs. NY: Longman, Greens, 1912.
Includes: "The Mission of Pere Marquette," "The Last of the Pottawatomie Chiefs (Pokagon 1)," and "Chief Simon Pokagon."
The Indian: The Northwest 1600…1900! The Red Man, The War Man, The White Man and the Northwestern Line. Chicago, IL: Chicago and Northwestern Railway Co., 1901.
The Indian had his time and now is the time of the railroad.
Indians in Michigan. Lansing, MI: Michigan Historical Commission, 1962.
A portfolio of pictures of Michigan Indians.
Indians of the Upper Great Lakes. Lansing, MI: Michigan Historical Commission, 1970.
Portfolio of 20 pictures.
Jacobs, Wilbur R. Diplomacy and Indian Gifts: Anglo-French Rivalry Along the Ohio and Northwest Frontiers, 1748-1763. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1950.
Traces Indian politics on the Northwest frontiers .
Jaenen, Cornelius J. The French Regime in the Upper Country of Canada During the Seventeenth Century. Toronto: The Champlain Society, 1996.
Jaenen reproduces explorers' accounts and other documents.
Jones, Arthur Edward. Old Huronia. Toronto: Ontario Archives, 1908.
Huron Indian history with identification of village sites, Huron missionaries and mission centers. Traces the history of the Hurons before and after their dispersion.
Kellogg, Louise Phelps. The British Regime in Wisconsin and the Northwest. Madison, WI: State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 1935.
With, of course, much about the Native Americans.
Kellogg, Louise Phelps. The French Regime in Wisconsin and the Northwest. Madison, WI: State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 1925.
Much about the Native Americans.
Kelton, Dwight H. Indian Names and History of the Sault Ste. Marie Canal. Detroit, MI: Detroit Free Press, 1889.
Kent, Timothy J. Ft. Pontchartrain at Detroit. Ossineke, MI: Silver Fox Enterprises, 2001. 2 volumes.
A guide to the daily life of fur traders, military personnel, settlers and missionaries at French posts.
Kent, Timothy J. Tahquamenon Tales: Experiences of a Early French Trader and His Native Family. Ossineke, MI: Silver Fox Enterprises, 1998.
Kent recreated the items of daily life of the early native and French inhabitants of North America.
Kinietz, W. Vernon. Chippewa Village: The Story of Katikitegon. Bloomfield Hills, MI: Cranbrook Institute of Science, 1947.
Kinietz worked with village people to learn in what ways their lives and manners differ from those of the Chippewa of the past and from their white neighbors of the present.
Kinietz, Vernon. Indians of the Western Great Lakes, 1615-1760. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1940.
Ethnographies of various tribes from historic background documents.
Kinzie, Mrs. John H. Wau-Bun: The 'Early Day' of the North-West. NY: Derby and Jackson, 1856. and Chicago, IL: Caxton Club, 1901.
"Upon her pages we seem to see and feel the life at the frontier military stockades, to understand intimately the social and economic relations between the savages and the government officials set over them."
Klein, Bernard and Daniel Icolari. Editors. Reference Encyclopedia of the American Indian. NY: B. Klein, 1967.
Listings of: Government Agencies, Museums, Libraries, Associations, Monuments and State Parks, Reservations, Tribal Councils, Schools, College Courses, Sources of Authentic Arts and Crafts, Visual and Instructional Aids, Government Publications, Newspapers, Magazines and Periodicals, Books and Biographical Who's Who.
Kraner, Frank R. Voices in the Valley: Mythmaking and Folk Belief in the Shaping of the Middle West. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press, 1964.
"French explorers and missionaries in Canada in the 17 th century discovered a land of forests and Indian villages, of rapids and myth."
Krause, David J. The Making of a Mining District: Keweenaw Native Copper 1500-1870. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press, 1992.
The first section deals with Keweenaw copper before 1800.
Lafitau, Joseph Francois. Moeurs des Sauvages Ameriquains, Comparees aux Moeurs des Premiers Temps. Paris: Saugrain l"aine, 1724. 2 volumes; Toronto: Champlain Society, 1974.
Summary of seventeenth century knowledge of the life and society of the American Indian. Lafitau's comparison of Indian societies with Asian societies was an attempt to demonstrate the Asian origin of the American Indians. Many fine engravings.
Lajeunesse, Ernest J. The Windsor Border Region: Canada's Southernmmost Frontier: A Collection of Documents. Toronto: The Champlain Society, 1960.
The Windsor border region includes Huron Mission and other early events involving Native Americans.
Lamb, Paul M. Bibliography: The American Indian in Michigan, 1850-1900. East Lansing, MI: n.p., 1974.
A 24 page bibliography.
Lanctot, Gustave. A History of Canada. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1963. 2 volumes
Covers Canadian history to 1713. Much about the Native Americans.
The Land of the Ojibwe. St. Paul, MN: Minnesota Historical Society, 1973.
Developed by the Ojibwe Curriculum Committee, American Indian Studies Department, University of Minnesota.
Landon, Fred. Lake Huron. Indianapolis, IN: Bobbs-Merrill, 1944.
History of Lake Huron and the St. Clair River. It is an attempt to tell some of the happenings around and upon these waters in the years since Champlain first saw a portion of Georgian Bay.
Lanman, Charles. Essays for Summer Hours. Boston, MA: Hilliard, Gray, 1941.
Includes an essay, "The Old Indian."
Lanman, Charles. The Red Book of Michigan: A Civil, Military and Biographical History. Detroit, MI: E.B. Smith, 1871.
Contains a chapter, "The Indians and Antiquities of the State."
Lanman, James H. History of Michigan, Civil and Topographical. NY: E. French, 1839.
The history of Michigan exhibits three epochs. The first may be properly denominated the Romantic, which extends to the year 1760, when its dominion was transferred from France to Great Britain. This was the period when the first beams of civilization had scarcely penetrated its forests and the paddles of the French fur trade swept the lakes, and the boat-songs of the traders awakened tribes as well as the wolves which howl around the wigwams. The second epoch is the military commencing with the Pontiac War; and, running through the successive struggles of the British, the Indians, and the Americans, to obtain dominion of the country, it ends with the victory of Commodore Perry, the defeat of Proctor, and the death of Tecumseh, the leader of the Anglo-Savage confederacy upon the banks of the Thames. The third epoch commences with the introduction of the public lands into the market.
Laut, Agnes C. Cadillac: Knight Errant of the Wilderness: Founder of Detroit: Govenor of Louisiana from the Great Lakes to the Gulf. Indianapolis, IN: Bobbs-Merrill, 1931.
Includes much Native American material.
Leeth, John. A Short Biography of John Leeth, with a Brief Account of His Life Among the Indians for Eighteen Years. Cincinnati, OH: R. Clarke, 1883.
Leeth was an Indian captive who was in the Detroit area during his captivity.
Levernica, James and Hennig Cohen. Editors. The Indians and Their Captives. Westport, CN: Greenwood Press, 1977.
Includes John Dodge, John Tanner and Daniel Boone.
Leitch, Barbara A. A Concise Dictionary of Indian Tribes of North America. Algonac, MI: Reference Publications, 1979.
Each entry is designed to give in capsule form a sketch of the tribe it treats.
Levi, Carolissa. Chippewa Indians of Yesterday and Today. Illustrations by Peter Whitebird. NY: Pageant Press, 1956.
History of the Chippewas.
Lewis, Ferris. The French Intriques in the Region of Illinois and the Great Lakes from the Year 1760 to 1768. Thesis. University of Detroit, 1930.
"In the writings of that day will be found revealed the hidden motives and the ruined aspirations of the French inhabitants in the heart of America."
Lewis, Kenneth. West to Far Michigan: Settling the Lower Peninsula, 1815-1860. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Press, 2002.
Includes chapters on the Native Americans before 1815 and on the transfer of land.
Lindquist, G.E.E. The Indian in American Life. NY: Friendship Press, 1944.
A minister looks at Native Americans in 1944.
Lindquist, Gustaus E.E. The Land of Hiawatha. Reprinted from The Southern Workman, April 1928.
A short history of the Chippewa.
McCabe, James D. The Pictorial History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent to the Present Time. Philadelphia, PA: National Publishing, 1877.
Includes Native Americans.
McCarry, Ralph E. Fragments of the Ojibwas of the Great Lakes. Sault Ste. Marie, MI: Sault News Printing Co., 1951.
Chippeway Totem Village pamphlet describing what was to be found on a trip over the Indian trail.
McKee, Russell. Great Lakes Country. NY: Thomas Y Crowell, 1966.
McKee begins with the earliest nomadic tribes who came to the Great Lakes region more than 13,000 years ago.
McKenney, Thomas L. History of the Indian Tribes of North America, with Biographical Sketches, and Anecdotes of the Principal Chiefs, Embellished with One Hundred Portraits from the Indian Gallery in the War Department at Washington. Philadelphia, PA: Rice, Rutter, 1870. 3 volumes.
Includes: Caatousee, Tshusick, Shingaba W'ossin, Okeemakeequid, Kanapima, Chippeway Squaw and Child, Waemboeshkam, Wa Baun See, Katawabeda, Metea, Chippeway Widow, and Wabishkeepenas.
MacLeod, William Christie. The American Indian Frontier. NY: Knopf, 1928.
Includes the fur trade, missions, French war, Pontiac's war, Tecumseh, and the reservation system.
Mackinac Under Three Flags: Tourist Guide and History. Mackinac Island, MI: Wichman's Photo and Gift Shop, 1928.
A history of the area for the tourists.
Magnaghi, Russell M. A Guide to the Indians of Michigan's Upper Peninsula, 1621-1900. Marquette, MI: Belle Fontaine Press, 1984.
Chronological study of the history of the Upper Peninsula Indians.
Magnaghi, Russell M. The Way it Happened: Settling Michigan's Upper Peninsula. Iron Mountain, MI: Mid-Peninsula Library Cooperative, 1982.
Includes chapters on "Indian Treaties," "Indian Slavery," "Assimilation of the Indians," and "Indian CCC Camp at Eckerman."
Mainfort, Robert C. Indian Social Dynamics in the Period of European Contact: Fletcher Site Cemetery, Bay County, Michigan. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Museum, 1979.
Although much information concerning changing political organizations can be gleaned from historical documents, inferences about changing social organizations must depend greatly on the archaeological record, specifically burial sites.
Malinowski, Sharon and Anna Sheets. Editors. Gale Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes. Volume 1: Northeast, Southeast, Caribbean. Detroit, MI: Gale, 1998.
Essays which include Michigan Native American groups.
Malkus, Alida. Blue-Water Boundary: Epic Highway of the Great Lakes and the Saint Lawrence. NY: Hastings House, 1960.
The conflicts of the Iroquois and Huron, of white man and red, are depicted.
Marsden, Michael T. A Selected, Annotated Edition of Henry Rowe Schoolcraft's Personal Memoirs of a Residence of Thirty Years with the Indian Tribes of the American Frontiers. Dissertation. Bowling Green State University, 1972.
This edition focuses on Schoolcraft, the man who was the one most responsible for the ways in which significant literary figures have treated the American Indian.
Mason, Ronald J. "Huron Island and the Island of the Poutouatamis." In Aspects of Upper Great Lakes Anthropology: Papers in Honor of Lloyd A. Wilford edited by Elden Johnson. St. Paul, MN: Minnesota Historical Society, 1974.149-156.
Attempts a pulling together and interpretation of the early historical sources on Rock Island and its neighbors.
Massie, Larry B. Copper Trails and Iron Rails: More Voyages into Michigan's Past. Au Train, MI: Avery Color Studios, 1989.
Includes stories about Native Americans.
Massie, Larry B. Michigan Memories: True Stories From Two Peninsulas' Past. Allegan Forest, MI: Priscilla Press, 1994.
Includes stories about Native Americans.
Massie, Larry B. On the Road to Michigan's Past. Allegan Forest, MI: Priscilla Press, 1995.
Stories include Indian encounters.
Massie, Larry B. Pig Boats and River Hogs: Further Voyages into Michigan's Past. Allegan Forest, MI: Priscilla Press, 1990.
Includes Indian stories and encounters.
Massie, Larry B. Potawatomi Tears and Petticoat Pioneers. Allegan Forest, MI: Priscilla Press, 1992.
Includes Potawatomi removal and Father Sifferath's mission to the Ottawa.
Massie, Larry B. Voyages Into Michigan's Past. Au Train, MI: Avery Color Studios, 1988.
Includes stories about Native Americans.
Massie, Larry B. White Pine Whispers. Allegan Forest, MI: Priscilla Press, 1998.
Includes stories about LaCrosse, Madam Laframboise, and the white widow among the Chippewa.
May, George S. Michigan: An Illustrated History of the Great Lakes State. Northbridge, CA: Windsor, 1987.
Includes a chapter on the Indians.
May, George S. Pictorial History of Michigan: The Early Years. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1967.
Includes a chapter on the prehistoric Indians.
May, George and Herbert Brinks. A Michigan Reader: 11,000 B.C. to A.D. 1865. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1974.
A book of writings which includes the Native Americans.
Michigan: A Guide to the Wolverine State. Works Project Administration. NY: Oxford University Press, 1941.
Includes chapter on Archaeology and Indians.
Michigan Indian Gaming Enterprise. Lansing, MI: University Associates, 1992.
The purpose of this study was to gather information from employees about the local economic impact resulting from the expanding Gaming business.
Michigan Indian Health: Report of the Director's Indian Health Task Force. Lansing, MI: Michigan Department of Public Health, 1985.
Report of the health status and needs of American Indians residing in Michigan.
Michigan Indians. Lansing, MI: Michigan History Division, 1975.
Four page pamphlet.
Michigan's Minorities at the Mid-Seventies: Indians, Blacks, Chicanos. Flint, MI: Charles Steward Mott Foundation, 1974.
2 nd Annual Conference of the Michigan Foundation. Topics include population, economic status, health, housing, education, public order, family structure, religion, and political power.
Montfort, Margaret Mary. Ethnic and Tribal Identity Among the Saginaw Chippewa of Nineteenth Century Michigan. Thesis. Michigan State University, 1990.
Examines the evolution of ethnic and tribal identity among the Saginaw Chippewa between 1800 and 1840.
Moore, Charles. History of Michigan. Chicago, IL: Lewis, 1915. 4 volumes.
Volume 1 includes: "The Mound Builders, the Garden Beds and the Ancient Miners," and "Indian Folk-Lore Attaching to Michigan Localities." Several other chapters include material about the Native Americans.
Moore, Charles. The Northwest Under Three Flags 1635-1796. NY: Harper and Brothers, 1900.
History of the Northwest Territory with much about Native Americans, including Pontiac's War.
Morse, Dan. Ancient Disease in the Midwest. Springfield, IL: Illinois State Museum, 1969.
There are two reasons why a careful search for the pathological and abnormal should be part of the study of excavated skeletons. 1) We should have all information about a culture, and 2) the study of dried bone collections may increase our knowledge of bone pathology.
Mosser, Duane Paul. Henry Rowe Schoolcraft: Eyewitness to a Changing Frontier. Dissertation. University of California Santa Barbara, 1991.
Of the many who migrated to the Great Lakes Henry Rowe Schoolcraft stands out as an expert witness to record the 'Americanization' of the area. His recorded observations of Native American cultures and of nature are invaluable sources for historians and anthropologists.
Mount, Graeme S. and John Abbott and Michael J. Mulloy. The Border at Sault Ste. Marie. Toronto: Dundurn Press, 1995.
Reviews the military activity, business, cultural and religious developments, as well as politics on both sides of the border.
Murphy, Lucy Eldersveld. A Gathering of Rivers: Indians, Metis, and Mining in the Western Great Lakes 1737-1832. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 2000.
Focusing on personal stories and detailed community histories, Murphy charts the changing economic forces at work in the region.
National Congress of American Indians. National Indian Directory. Washington, DC: National Congress, 1975.
The purpose of this directory is to serve as a source book for Indian and Indian related organizations.
Nelson, Larry Lee. Cultural Mediation on the Great Lakes Frontier: Alexander McKee and Anglo-American Indian Affairs, 1754-1799. Dissertation. Bowling Green State University, 1994.
This study examines the life of Alexander McKee [1735-1799] and centers on his role as a cultural mediator, one who facilitated interaction between the native and European worlds along the Great Lakes frontier during the second half of the 18 th century.
Nutes, Grace Lee. Lake Superior. Indianapolis, IN: Bobbs-Merrill, 1944.
Includes a chapter, "Nanabazhoo and his Followers" which are Native American stories.
Ojibwe Waasa Inaabidaa (We Look In All Directions). Duluth, MN: WDSE TV, 2002.
6 videotapes. Series invites viewers through a portal of rich historical and contemporary scenes based on six main themes of Ojibwe life and culture from pre-contact to contemporary times.
Paxson, Frederic L. History of the American Frontier 1763-1893. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin, 1924.
Includes Michigan and the Great Lakes area.
Payette, B.C. The Northwest. Montreal: Payette Radio Ltd, 1964.
Reprints several documents relating to the Old Northwest.
Pease, Theodore Calvin. The French Foundations, 1680-1693. Springfield, IL: Trustees of the Illinois State Historical Library, 1934.
"A selection of documentary material revealing the activities of the French in the Old Northwest."
Peters, Bernard C. Lake Superior Place Names: From Bawating to the Montreal. Marquette, MI: Northern Michigan University Press, 1996.
Examines the origin and meaning of the Indian and French place names which form part of Michigan's Lake Superior landscape.
Peyser, Joseph L. Editor. Letters from New France: The Upper Country 1686-1783. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1992.
Focus on the colorful personalities and events associated with the Great Lakes country from 1686 to 1783.
Philbrick, Francis S. The Rise of the West 1754-1830. NY: Harper and Row, 1965.
Includes a chapter: "Removing Indians and Selling Public Lands."
Prucha, Francis Paul. A Bibliographic Guide to the History of Indian-White Relations in the United States. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1977.
Intended as a tool for persons interested in the history of Indian-white relations.
Prucha, Francis Paul. Indian-White Relations in the United States: A Bibliography of Works Published 1975-1980. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 1982.
A supplement to the above book.
Quaife, Milo M. Condensed Historical Sketches for Each of Michigan's Counties. Detroit, MI: J.L. Hudson, 1940.
Some counties were named for Indians, some use Indian words in their name.
Quaife, Milo M. Lake Michigan. Indianapolis, IN: Bobbs-Merrill, 1944.
Supplies a picture of the lake in its historical and human setting, including Native Americans.
Quaife, Milo M. and Sidney Glazer. Michigan From Primitive Wilderness to Industrial Commonwealth. NY: Prentice Hall, 1948.
Chapter "Birth of the Commonwealth" includes Native American material.
Rankin, Ernest H. The Indians of Gitchi Gumee. Marquette, MI: Marquette County Historical Society, 1966.
A pamphlet designed to share a bit of the history of the Chippewa Indian and their way of life.
Raphael, Ralph B. The Book of American Indians. Greenwich, CN: Fawcett Books, 1953.
"Mr. Raphael has brought together highlights from numerous sources and well chosen examples of typical features from different tribes and an excellent series of illustrations,…presenting in an interesting fashion what most people want to know about the aboriginal American."
Ratigan, William. Straits of Mackinac! Crossroads of the Great Lakes. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1957.
Includes Native Americans.
Reibel, Daniel B. A Brief Account of Indians in Michigan. Detroit, MI: Detroit Historical Museum, n.d. (Fitting Mss Box 7)
Pamphlet with basic information.
Romig, Walter. Michigan Place Names: The History of the Founding and Naming of More Than Five Thousand Past and Present Michigan Communities. Grosse Pointe, MI: Walter Romig, [1973].
Many places in Michigan have been named by or for Native Americans.
Rubenstein, Bruce A. Justice Denied: An Analysis of American Indian – White Relations in Michigan, 1855-1889. Dissertation. Michigan State University, 1974.
Rubenstein, Bruce A. and Lawrence E. Ziewacz. Michigan: A History of the Great Lakes State. Arlington Heights, IL: Forum Press, 1981.
Includes "Original Michiganians."
Russell, Nelson Vance. The British Regime in Michigan and the Old Northwest 1760-1796. Norfield, MN: Carleton College, 1939.
The purpose is to describe the transition from the French regime to the British, and from the British to the American in that part of the Old Northwest known as Michigan.
Sanson, Nicholas. L'Amerique; en Plusiers Cartes Nouvelles et exactes, et en divers Traittez de Geographie, et d'Historoire. Paris: 1683.
Sanson Nicholas. America-1667. Translated by Pauline Carson Block and Robert Martinon. Edited by Louis M. Block, Jr. Cleveland, OH: Bloch, 1959.
This is a translation is L'Amerique which describes in detail what Sanson knew of America in 1667. Sanson describes not only the known geography of North America but also writes about the settlements of New France, New England, New Netherlands, New Sweden, New Spain, Virginia and Florida.
Santon, Richard A. Michigan: Heart of the Great Lakes. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt, 1977.
A geography text that includes chapters and statistics on the Native Americans.
Schenck, Theresa M. "The Voice of the Crane Echoes Afar": The Sociopolitical Organization of the Lake Superior Ojibwa, 1640-1855. NY: Garland, 1997.
A study of continuity and change in one essential aspect of Ojibwa culture, its sociopolitical organization, the band society which enabled it to persist.
Schoolcraft, Henry R. The American Indians, Their History, Condition and Prospects, From Original Notes and Manuscripts. Buffalo, NY: George H. Darby, 1851.
Originally issued 1844-1845 in eight numbers.
Schoolcraft, Henry R. A Discourse Delivered on the Anniversary of the Historical Society of Michigan, June 4, 1830. Detroit, MI: Geo. L. Whitney, 1830.
"A deep solicitude has been manifested in the history and fortunes of the Indian race."
Schoolcraft, Henry R. The Indian in His Wigwam, or, Characteristics of the Red Race of America from Original Notes and Manuscripts. NY: Dewitt and Davenport, 1848.
Includes "Personal Reminiscences," "Scenes and Adventures in the Ozark Mountains," "Character of the Red Man of America," "Tales of a Wigwam," "Early Indian Biography," "Historical Traditions," "Ethnology," "Languages," and many other essays.
Schoolcraft, Henry R. Information Respecting the History Condition and Prospects of the Indian Tribes of the United States. Illustrated by Seth Eastman and others. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Grambo, 1853. 6 volumes.
General history of the North American Indians. A standard work with information about many aspect of North American Indian life. Compiled for the United States government.
Schoolcraft, Henry R. Personal Memoirs of a Residence of Thirty Years with the Indian Tribes on the American Frontiers: With Brief Notices of Passing Events, Facts and Opinions, A.D. 1812 to A.D. 1842. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Grambo, 1851.
"The story these incidents tell, is the story of a people's settling the wilderness. It is the Anglo-Saxon race occupying the sites of the Indian wigwams. It is a field in which plumed sachems, farmers, legislatures, statesmen, speculators, professional and scientific men, and missionaries of the gospel, figure in their respective capacities."
Seno, William Joseph. Editor. Up Country: Voices from the Midwestern Wilderness. Madison, WI: Round River Publishing, 1985.
A compilation of journals, letters and memoirs written by early adventurers in the Midwest.
Seymour, Flora Warren. The Story of the Red Man. London: Longmans, Green, 1929.
Includes Pontiac and Tecumseh.
Sheldon, E. M. The Early History of Michigan From the First Settlement to 1815. NY: A.S. Barnes, 1856.
Much on the Native Americans.
Sleeper-Smith, Susan. Silent Tongues, Black Robes: Pottawatomi, Europeans, and Settlers in the Southern Great Lakes, 1640 – 1850. Dissertation. University of Michigan, 1994.
Suggests that the withdrawal of European powers and the arrival of the settlers did not dissolve the middle ground nor herald Native American demise. Focuses on southwest Michigan.
Slocum, Charles Elihu. The Ohio Country Between the Years 1783 and 1815. NY: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1910.
"The habitual use of intoxicating beverages was a strong factor in much of the savagery recorded."
Smith, W.L.G. Life and Times of Lewis Cass. NY: Derby and Jackson, 1856.
Includes his dealings with the Native Americans.
Speck, Frank Gouldsmith. The Iroquois. Bloomfield Hills, MI: Cranbrook Institute of Science, 1955.
A study in cultural evolution.
St. Valier, Jean de la. Estat Present de la Colonie Francoise dans la Nouvelle France. Paris: Chez Robert Pepie, 1688.
Presents an appraisal of conditions in the French dominions of North America in 1685. St. Valier described the relationships and rivalries among the Indian tribes. An indication of the rivalry between the Dutch and French for the fur trade is shown in St. Valier's account of Mackinac. There, he said, sixty Hollanders and their Iroquois allies were converging upon that wilderness outpost.
Stewart, Catherine. New Homes in the West. Nashville, TN: Cameron and Fall, 1843.
Stewart lived among the Pottawattamies at St. Joseph, Michigan. She gives accounts of Po-Ke-Gamis rule, the Councils and the 1833 Treaty of Chicago.
Storck, Peter L. A Preliminary Bibliography of Early Man in Eastern North America 1839-1973. Toronto: Royal Ontario Museum, 1975.
This bibliography contains 1242 titles of abstracts, short comments or single artifacts and small collections, journal articles, reviews, monographs, and books dealing in whole or in part with the subject of Early Man east of the Mississippi.
Strang, James. Ancient and Modern Michilimackinac, Including an Account of the Controversy Between Mackinac and the Mormons. As Published in 1854 with supplement, 1855.
History of Michilimackinac includes Indians; Catholic missions; Protestant missions; Rat, the Huron; fisheries; slavery and peonage; Indian whiskey, and Indian payments.
Stuart, Paul. Nations Within a Nation: Historical Statistics of American Indians. NY: Greenwood Press, 1987.
An attempt to gather a variety of statistics pertaining to American Indian groups in the United States. Topics such as land holdings, population, migration, vital statistics, federal government activity, health care, education, occupations, and the use of natural resources are covered.
Swanton, John R. The Indian Tribes of North America. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Insitution, 1952.
Intended to inform the general reader what Indian tribes occupied the territory of his state and to add enough data to indicate the place they occupied among the tribal groups of the continent and the part they played in the early period of our history.
Sweetser, Kate Dickinson. Book of Indian Braves. NY: Harper and Brothers, 1913.
Includes Pontiac.
Symon, Charles A. We Can Do It! A History of the Civilian Conservation Corps in Michigan 1933-1942. Escanaba, MI: Richards Printing, 1983.
Includes a chapter on Camp Marquette, "The Indian Camp."
Tanner, Helen Hornbeck. The Ojibwas: A Critical Bibliography. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1976.
A bibliography of basic resources on the Ojibwas.
Terry, Frank Taylor. The Aborigines of the Northwest; A Glance into the Remote Past. Milwaukee, WI: Parkman Club Publications, 1896.
Archaeological evidence and accounts of the first explorers.
The Tragedy of Old Huronia (Wendake Ehen). By a Pilgrim. Midland, ONT: The Martyr's Shrine, 1932.
A popular story of Martyr's Shrine, Fort Ste. Marie, and the other Jesuit Huron Missions of Canada, 1615-1650, according to the Jesuit Relations.
Tuttle, Charles Richard. General History of the State of Michigan. Detroit, MI: R.D.S. Tyler, 1873.
"A complete history of the Peninsula State from the earliest settlement to the present time."
Underhill, Ruth Murray. Red Man's America: A History of Indians in the United States. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1953.
Includes a chapter on the Great Lakes Indians.
United States. Bureau of Indian Affairs. Indians of the Great Lakes Area. Washington, DC: GPO, 1966.
An overview.
United States. Office of Indian Affairs. Constitution and By-Laws of the Saginaw Chippewa Indian Tribe of Michigan – Approved May 6, 1937. Washington, DC: GPO, 1937.
Utley, Henry M. and Byron M. Crutcheon. Michigan as a Province, Territory and State, The Twenty-Sixth Member of the Federal Union. NY: Publishing Society of Michigan, 1906. 4 volumes.
Includes Native Americans.
Volwiler, Albert T. George Croghan and the Westward Movement 1741-1782. Cleveland, OH: Arthur H. Clark, 1926.
George Croghan was the leading exponent of the expansion of the Anglo-Saxon race into the Ohio region during the generation before 1775.
Waldman, Carl. Atlas of the North American Indian. Maps and Illustrations by Molly Braun. NY: Facts on File, 1985.
Covers the history, culture, and tribal locations of Indian peoples in the United States, Canada, and Middle America from ancient times to the present.
Waldman, Carl. Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes. NY: Facts on File, 1988.
A comprehensive reference work discussing more than 150 Indian tribes of all North America, as well as prehistoric peoples and civilizations.
Waldman, Carl. Who Was Who in Native American History: Indians and Non-Indians from Early Contact through 1900. NY: Facts on File, 1990.
An extensive reference work.
Walker, Francis A. The Indian Question. Boston, MA: James R. Osgood, 1874.
Includes accounts of the tribes by state.
Warren, William W. History of the Ojibway Nation. Minneapolis, MN: Ross and Haines, 1957.
Reprint of 1885 edition. Perhaps the most important history of the Ojibway ever written. First hand descriptions and stories.
West, George Arbor. Copper: Its Mining and Use by the Aborigines of the Lake Superior Region: Report of the McDonald-Massee Isle Royale Expedition, 1928. Milwaukee, WI: 1929.
Sites on Isle Royale and implements which were found made of copper. Many illustrations.
White, Richard. The Middle Ground: Indians, Empires and Republics in the Great Lakes Region, 1650-1815. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.
About a search for accommodation and common meaning in Indian-white relations. It tells how Europeans and Indians met, regarding each other as alien and how between 1650 and 1815 they constructed a common, mutually comprehensible world in the region around the Great Lakes.
Winger, Otto. The Potawatomi Indians. Elgin, IL: Elgin Press, 1939.
Potawatomi history in Michigan and Indiana.
Winsor, Justin. The Westward Movement: The Colonies and the Republic West of the Alleghanies 1763-1798. Boston, MA: Hougton Mifflin, 1897.
History with many maps.
Wissler, Clark. Indians of the United States. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1966.
Traces the history and culture of the American Indian from prehistoric times to the present. Includes Great Lakes area.
Woodford, Frank B. and Albert Hyma. Gabriel Richard, Frontier Ambassador. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press, 1958.
Much about the Native Americans.
Wyman, Walker D. The Chippewa: A History of the Great Lakes Woodland Tribe Over Three Centuries. River Falls, WI: University of Wisconsin-River Falls Press, 1993.
Records the long history of the Chippewa from arrival in the Lake Superior region.
Zeisberger, David. History of the Northern American Indians. Edited by Archer Butler Hulbert and William Nathaniel Schwarze. Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society, 1910.
Reproduces a manuscript written in German by David Zeisberger in 1779-1780. Its chief scientific interest is that it depicts conditions before white settlers came into the middle west.